Module docstring
{"# Equicontinuity of a family of functions
Let X be a topological space and α a UniformSpace. A family of functions F : ι → X → α
is said to be equicontinuous at a point x₀ : X when, for any entourage U in α, there is a
neighborhood V of x₀ such that, for all x ∈ V, and for all i, F i x is U-close to
F i x₀. In other words, one has ∀ U ∈ 𝓤 α, ∀ᶠ x in 𝓝 x₀, ∀ i, (F i x₀, F i x) ∈ U.
For maps between metric spaces, this corresponds to
∀ ε > 0, ∃ δ > 0, ∀ x, ∀ i, dist x₀ x < δ → dist (F i x₀) (F i x) < ε.
F is said to be equicontinuous if it is equicontinuous at each point.
A closely related concept is that of uniform equicontinuity of a family of functions
F : ι → β → α between uniform spaces, which means that, for any entourage U in α, there is an
entourage V in β such that, if x and y are V-close, then for all i, F i x and
F i y are U-close. In other words, one has
∀ U ∈ 𝓤 α, ∀ᶠ xy in 𝓤 β, ∀ i, (F i xy.1, F i xy.2) ∈ U.
For maps between metric spaces, this corresponds to
∀ ε > 0, ∃ δ > 0, ∀ x y, ∀ i, dist x y < δ → dist (F i x₀) (F i x) < ε.
Main definitions
EquicontinuousAt: equicontinuity of a family of functions at a pointEquicontinuous: equicontinuity of a family of functions on the whole domainUniformEquicontinuous: uniform equicontinuity of a family of functions on the whole domain
We also introduce relative versions, namely EquicontinuousWithinAt, EquicontinuousOn and
UniformEquicontinuousOn, akin to ContinuousWithinAt, ContinuousOn and UniformContinuousOn
respectively.
Main statements
equicontinuous_iff_continuous: equicontinuity can be expressed as a simple continuity condition between well-chosen function spaces. This is really useful for building up the theory.Equicontinuous.closure: if a set of functions is equicontinuous, its closure for the topology of pointwise convergence is also equicontinuous.
Notations
Throughout this file, we use :
- ι, κ for indexing types
- X, Y, Z for topological spaces
- α, β, γ for uniform spaces
Implementation details
We choose to express equicontinuity as a properties of indexed families of functions rather
than sets of functions for the following reasons:
- it is really easy to express equicontinuity of H : Set (X → α) using our setup: it is just
equicontinuity of the family (↑) : ↥H → (X → α). On the other hand, going the other way around
would require working with the range of the family, which is always annoying because it
introduces useless existentials.
- in most applications, one doesn't work with bare functions but with a more specific hom type
hom. Equicontinuity of a set H : Set hom would then have to be expressed as equicontinuity
of coe_fn '' H, which is super annoying to work with. This is much simpler with families,
because equicontinuity of a family 𝓕 : ι → hom would simply be expressed as equicontinuity
of coe_fn ∘ 𝓕, which doesn't introduce any nasty existentials.
To simplify statements, we do provide abbreviations Set.EquicontinuousAt, Set.Equicontinuous
and Set.UniformEquicontinuous asserting the corresponding fact about the family
(↑) : ↥H → (X → α) where H : Set (X → α). Note however that these won't work for sets of hom
types, and in that case one should go back to the family definition rather than using Set.image.
References
- [N. Bourbaki, General Topology, Chapter X][bourbaki1966]
Tags
equicontinuity, uniform convergence, ascoli ","### Empty index type ","### Finite index type ","### Index type with a unique element "}